淺談入世后我國增值稅的轉型
時間:2022-02-19 08:55:00
導語:淺談入世后我國增值稅的轉型一文來源于網友上傳,不代表本站觀點,若需要原創文章可咨詢客服老師,歡迎參考。
摘要:我國稅制為適應入世的需要,按照WTO的有關規則進行調整,而增值稅的調整主要是實行增值稅的轉型,即由生產型增值稅轉向消費型增值稅。
本文是以增值稅的類型作為分析研究的對象,通過對我國目前實行的生產型增值稅的利弊分析,提出現階段實行消費型增值稅的必需性,同時,結合我國目前的經濟狀況,提出了消費型增值稅運行中應注意的問題。
本文首先對增值稅的概念予以解釋,對增值稅的三種類型即生產型增值稅、收入型增值稅和消費型增值稅進行對比分析。盡管在理論上,生產型增值稅不如消費型增值稅優越,但1994年我國生產型增值稅出臺是符合當時國情的,有利于保證財政收入,消除惡性通貨膨脹,有利于擴大就業。但我國生產型增值稅的諸多弊端漸漸暴露,諸如不利于鼓勵企業擴大投資,會導致重復征稅,加重企業的稅收負擔,不利于我國產品與外國產品競爭等。鑒于生產型增值稅的缺陷及我國目前經濟發展的需要,必須適時將生產型增值稅轉向消費型增值稅,同時為彌補消費型增值稅所導致的增值稅收入的銳減可采取以下方案:把原來的固定資產余額中所含的抵扣稅款分幾年攤銷,統一增值稅稅率,適當開征新稅。
關鍵詞:入世增值稅轉型
Abstract:InviewofrequirementsofentryintoWTO,thenationaltaxationsystemwillbeadjustedaccordingtotherelatedregulationofWTO.AmongwhichtheadjustmentofVATmainlyfocusesonthetransform,i.e.fromproductionVATtoconsumerVAT.
ThisessayhastakendifferenttypesofVATasresearchobject.ByanalyzingtheprosandconsoftheproductionVATcurrentlypracticedinChina,itraisedthenecessityofimplementingconsumerVATatthisstage.Meanwhile,itcallsforattentiontothepotentialproblemsbyoperationofconsumerVATinlinewithourcurrenteconomicsituation.
ThisessayfirstexplainsthedefinitionofVATandmakingcomparisonandanalysison3typesofVAT:ProductionVAT,IncomeVATandConsumerVAT.AlthoughtheoreticallyproductionVATislesssuperioroverconsumerVAT,thelaunchofitin1994isinaccordancewithoursituationatthattime.Itguaranteestherevenue,eliminatesmaligninflationandimprovesemploymentrate.However,itsnegativeeffectsshowgradually.Theseincludenotinfavorofencouragingexpansionininvestment,repetitivetaxation,greatertaxationburdenoverenterprises,notinfavorofdomesticproductsoveroverseas’competitors,etc.InviewoflimitationoftheproductionVATandtherequirementsofcurrenteconomicdevelopment,itisamusttotransferfromproductionVATtoconsumerVAT.MeanwhilethefollowingmeasurescanbetakentomakeupforthegreatshrinkageinVATrevenuecausedbytheimplementationofconsumerVAT:allocatingtherefundoffixedassetsbalancebyyears,unifyingVATtaxrate,abolishingpreviouslowtaxrate,imposingnewtaxationsadvisably.
Keyword:EntryintoWTO,VAT,Tran